5ºAGrupo4


 * Teresa, Pablo, Jorge, Raquel and ** Daniel


 * GROUP 4 **

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The Locomotor system supports the body and allows it to move.



= **The locomotor system is made up of different organs (bones, muscles, joints, tendons,cartilage and ligaments) that asociate in order to allow people to move.** =

**- Bones:** ** The bones form the endoskeleton of animals and support the body. **

**These are the bones that we know**


 * **Ribs**
 * **Clavicles**
 * **Humerus**
 * **Femur**
 * **Tibia**
 * **Fibula**
 * **Nasal bones**





**Muscles:** **Muscles are connected to the bones through tendons. When a muscle move, it moves a bone.**



**These are the muscles that we know**


 * **Diaphragm**
 * **Biceps**
 * **Triceps**
 * **Trapeze**
 * **Esternocleidomastoide**

**- Joints:** **Are the parts of the body where two or more bones join.** **-Cartilage:Cartilages are flexible, rubbery tissue at the end of bones cushions and protects the bones where they meet, an against each other in a joint.**



**-Tendons:Tendons are bands of fibrous tissue that connect muscles to bones.**



**-Ligaments:Ligaments are long fibrous straps that to hold bones together.**



The locomotor system is divided into three parts


 * -T he head **


 * -The trunk **


 * -The extremities (arms and legs) **



If you want know more about the locomotor system click here


 * The muscles join the bones through the tendons and with the flexions and extensions move them.
 * There exist muscles that form other organs: heart, stomach, intestine...
 * There are voluntary and involuntary muscles.
 * We handle the volunteers when we want. Example: to raise an arm.
 * The CNS (central nervous sistem)controls the involuntary ones but we do not move them to want. Example: the heart or the intestine.


 * CURIOSITIES **

__** From the bones **__

*An adult human esqueleton consist of 206 bones.

*The longest bone is the femur (46 cm), and the smallest the stirrup of the ear (2,5 mm).



The femur

__ **From the muscles** __

*We have more than 600 muscles in the body

*The strongest muscle is the masseter

*The muscle masseter is a muscle of the face. It is a short, quadrilateral muscle.

The masseter (2)



[|These is a game about the bones]

These is a game about the muscles


 * These are videos about the locomotor system. **



The hippo is a mammal. It is clasified in the group of artiodactils.

** WHAT DO THEY EAT ? ** The hippo is vegetarian. It eats grass that grow in the margins of the rivers.

__**CHARACTHERISTICS**__
 * Hippos measure between 2600 and 3500 kg, they usually are 5 meters long and 1,5 meters tall.
 * The longet are between 40 and 50 years.
 * The reproduction during between 210 and 250 days and only chidbirth of only one baby.
 * The enemigues are sometimes the crocodile or alligators,but principally the man.
 * The hippo often, at all more than 30 km in search of food; to the late afternoon it goes out to firm land to go to the pastures where it feeds of grass.
 * Also it enters the plantations of sugar cane and of maize.




 * Hippo have been seen in rivers of mountain to an altitude over 1.500 m on the level of the sea and to temperatures near to the freezing-point.
 * The common hippo move in flocks individual from 10 to 15, though have been observed groups formed by 150 individuals.

**__Species__** The 3 species most importants of hippos are:
 * Common hippo
 * Excing hippo
 * Dwarf hippo




 * The hippo is able of remaining immersed in the water between 2 and 6 minutes.
 * The hippo is on the verge of extinction
 * A common hippo male can manage to weigh 4500 kg.
 * They spend most of the time inside the water and are excellent swimmers
 * In the water the hippo is very agile, but in land it is awkward and heavy.
 * Small birds, as the herons, take charge eliminating to the insects of his skin.

__**MOUTH**__ The mouth of the hippo has between 38 and 42 teeth. It has the canine some low of considerable size that it can use to threaten or to hunt an adversary. The mouth opened of a hippo they can manage to measure a meter.

The eskeleton of the hippopotamus is like other vertebrates is made up of: The cranium The backbone And the other bones,they have 208 bones in the skeleton like the humans.

**__Skin__** The hippopotamus is an animal closely related to water and spends most of the day resting in it. Your skin is specially adapted for that: it is smooth, greasy and hair. The hippo lives in the african jungles and in the wordl it is more give zoos in wich you can find them.
 * Where do they live? **




 * __Distribution__ **

In this __#|photo__ we can see that before the hippo __#|live__ in more zones that now due to they are in extincion. __**Videos**__

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**T****he e****nd**







The brothers Montgolfier Joshep and Michelle invented the hot air balloon.




 * Where do they live? **

They live in Paris (france).


 * Charactheristics **
 * They were children of a manufacturer of paper and while they were playing one day with paper bags invested on the fire, they discovered that the bags were rising up to the ceiling.
 * His parents were Pierre Montgolfier and his wife, Ana Duret, who had sixteen childreen.
 * Joseph, the twelfth child, possessed the temperament of a typical rebellious inventor and slightly practically in terms of matters of business and personal.
 * Étienne had much more temperament still and seriously. As the fiveteen child, and especially I bother his major brothers, he was sent to Paris to train as an architect.
 * The brothers montgolfier received documents in Priestly.


 * Curiosities **
 * The first balloon that they make was called the montgolfiere or the montgolfiera. [[image:http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_wzLKfVZOezI/TNbRsscudhI/AAAAAAAAAHI/3dOERD1DVVI/s1600/eole.jpg width="541" height="345"]]
 * The first balloon of air was promoted by an oven of fuelwood.
 * There are three possibilities of which was the shield of the montgolfier since there is not know insurance which is the real one.

The ballon was built and paper wrapping cloth.
 * The ballon**
 * Parts: **

The basket: The basket or gondola, since it refers sometimes, is where the pilot and the passengers are carried out. The burner: The burner is what stimulates the air warm even in the wrapper, it is like the engine of the globe. The on: The royal part of a globe of globe of warm air that is known as "The Envelope".


 * Why the ballons fly? **

Then the air balloon was something incredible, something that now is insignificant and with that now they have formed clubs ... also to turned into an object of leisure. For his history of the ballon they happened cepelines, gas balloon........... etc. until turn what is now.
 * Conclusion **







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= The forces :) =

Alejandro Pablo Daniel Vilda Reyes Raquel What is a force? Forces are actions wich make objets move, stop or change shape. They can be push or pull. -PUSH: When you press you are using a force, for example with your hand. -PULL: When you hold something firmly, and you use force in order to move it towards you or to move it from somewhere.



The effects of forces The forces cannot be seen, only we can see his effects, as for example when you stretch an elastic tape or when you shape a figure in plasticine. Only we can represent them graphically for means of arrows to which they dominate him in this case as vectors. The vectors allow us to know: the magnitude, direction and sense of the force. The magnitude or module is the quantity of force that is applied on the recipient and appearing for the length of the arrow. The forces are vectorial magnitudes that it has:
 * Module
 * Direction
 * Felt
 * Point of application



How a force is perform?

This action implies necessarily a contact between both bodies, the contact that can be:
 * 1) direct, that is to say, both bodies that realize the action are in contact
 * 2) distantly, that is to say, without contact exists between them.

Concepts related to force include: the push, which increases the speed of an object; the track, which diminishes the speed of an object; and the moment of rotation that produces changes of the rotating speed of an object. The forces cause effects in the matter, also they can cause it in the mechanics. While the mechanical tension can remain integrated to a solid object, gradually deforming it, the mechanical tension in a fluid determines changes of his pressure and volume.



Types of provocated forces:

__Elastic force__: it is the one that they achieve to exercise the springs that, out of its normal position, that is to say, when they are compressed or stuck-up and they achieve to exercise force, already be pushing a body.

__Force of rubbing__: it is the force of contact that arises when a body is slide on a surface and is opposed to this movement. Inside this force we find two types: the dynamics and the statics. The static force establishes the minimal force that is needed to move a body. This force is equivalent by force that needs to move a body, though in the opposite direction. The force that is opposed to the movement of a body is that of dynamic rubbing.



__Normal force:__ it is that one that exercises a surface when it reacts to a body that slips on her.

Types of natural forces:

Forces of the nature and its uses. __Gravitatory force :__ When an object is attracted to the earth.

__ Magnetic force __ :This force affects magnets and some metallic objets.Magnetic force can attract or repel.



__Friction__:When an object touches another object, it experiences a frictional force.This force acts in the direction opposite to the direction of movement.

__ Strong interactions __ : The force nuclear only demonstrated in a distance comparable with the size of an atomic core.





Can you throw an object and would not go back to Earth? Every body located on the surface of a planets linked to it by anegative energy (Attraction)called gravitational potential energy.For communicated must escape a certain speed to its kinetic energy(motion)compens a testhe attractive.That is becouse we can launch space craft that now are traveling out o for solar system.The escape velocity for the Earth is about 11 km.

Really the moon revolves around the Earth?

Between the Earth and the Moon there is a point called the center of mass .This point is closest to the planet(almost on its surface), both rotated about said point.That is both performa circular motion around the center of mass(with different radio).To understand this,suppose you have equal masses why one would being the center,revolving around the sun,and the other making around the Earth?.In this case the mass center would be between the two bodies and that it would orbit round the sun.



If the moon stopped,would fall on the Earth?

Indeed but not only that, but the earth would fall on the moon. By having the first 80 times more mass,would move more slowly.That is,the impact would occur at apoint between the two stars, closer to the planet.This follows the principle of action-reaction.The forces (gravitational in this case)are mutually exerted equal and opposite.The more massive accelerate less (Earth).



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 * A camera is a device used to capture images or photographies. **
 * Cameras consist of a closed dark chamber, with an opening at one end so that the light can enter, and a flat surface to capture the light in the other end. Its main use is to capture the image found in the visual field. **
 * Most cameras have formed an objective lens, located in front of the aperture of the camera to control the incoming light and to focus the image, or part of the image. **** The brightness of the scene controls the amount of light entering the camera for the photographic process. **


 * History : **

The first photographer was Joseph Nicephore Niepce in 1826, using a wooden camera made by Charles and Vincent Chevalier. This camera was the first that could set the first picture first picture made image.The not going as expected so abandoned their intention.

But there were people that the idea entusiasmeted.The 19 of August in 1839 in Paris Louis Daguerre said he had discovered a method of "fixing the camera image by the action of li ght itself." He had developed an appropriate material capable of recording an image. Although it was quite a process primary caused a tremendous impact. p

Humans realized that without photography, our understanding of world would be limited to the landscape before our eyes.But it had to wait 40 years to see photographs in newspapers and books.

The situation changed in the 70s and 80s with the introduction of small and manageable cameras.

The camera was improved over time and thus became a valuable scientific and documentary of great importance in the life of man.




 * What is a digital camera? **


 * A digital camera is an electronic device used to capture and store photographs electronically instead of using photographic film like conventional cameras. **
 * A camera Controls : **
 * Depending on the type, make and model of camera, it will have more or less controls to allow the photographer to set the camera to your liking. In digital cameras and compact in some of these controls can be automated or electronic. **




 * Accessories: **

A tripod is a three-part device which allows the stabilization of a camera on its upper portion. It is used to prevent motion of thehand when taking a photo.
 * Tripod: **

The photographic filters are optical filters which fits into the front of the lens by a thread or an adapter to produce different effects on the light entering the lens. It is that which is not attached to the camera.
 * Filters and Filter Adapter: **
 * External Flash: **

The lens protector is a small glass lens in diagfragmal The belt on the camera, is an important element for any photographer because they hold the camera.
 * Lens Protector: **
 * Strap: **


 * The video camera **

A video camera is a portable device for recording image and sound in the same medium. Therefore, combining the functions of a TV camera with a video, hence its name, video camera gathers these two terms. It is a technological evolution of the previous generation, which involved two separate units.

We can distinguish following types of video cameras: - Digital video cameras - Analog videocameras



Videos:


 * camera **

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